During a median follow-up of 43.8 months after completion of therapy, 50 patients (31.6%) experienced recurrence, at a median of 11.9 months after treatment completion. Almost all (98.7%, 156/158) patients had been previously treated with a macrolide-containing regimen, and 68 (43.0%) patients had received treatment with an aminoglycoside. Radiographic features included nodular bronchiectatic disease in 95 (60.1%), fibrocavitary disease in 49 (31.0%), and an unclassifiable form in 14 (8.9%) patients. The etiologic agent was Mycobacterium avium in 77 patients (48.7%) and Mycobacterium intracellulare in 81 patients (51.3%). The mean age of the 158 patients was 60.7 ± 11.1 years. Recurrence was recorded, and factors associated with recurrence were analyzed. The medical records of 158 patients successfully treated for MAC lung disease at a tertiary referral center in South Korea between March 2000 and December 2009 were retrospectively analyzed. This study analyzed the recurrence rate and risk factors for recurrence of Mycobacterium avium complex (MAC) lung disease in patients successfully treated for this disease.
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